The Pre-Fibre Era

1995 - 2008

1995

First Internet Connection

Kenya connects to the internet via satellite.

2007

Launch of M-Pesa

Safaricom launches M-Pesa, revolutionizing mobile money, acting as the catalyst for the digital economy.

Parallel Impact

2007/08 Political Crisis
Physical movement restricted

Post-election violence caused severe disruptions in transportation and physical banking infrastructure, leaving many without access to funds.

M-Pesa P2P Surge
Accelerated remote transfers

Citizens rapidly turned to mobile money to safely send funds to trapped relatives and business partners, cementing its utility beyond convenience.